BJC：妊娠高血压患者乳腺癌风险降低

近日，《英国癌症杂志》（British Journal of Cancer）发表的一项研究表明，妊娠高血压女性罹患乳腺癌的风险降低，其机制尚不清楚。

该研究纳入了一个由1967～2008年间919712例初产妇组成的队列，并与两个英国国家登记处的资料进行关联，进而评估了妊娠高血压女性的乳腺癌风险是否降低。

结果显示，与妊娠期间血压正常的初产妇相比，有妊娠高血压或先兆子痫的初产妇乳腺癌风险降低[危险比（HR）=0.83，95%可信区间（CI）=0.77～0.90]。

无论乳腺癌诊断年龄在50岁之前或之后，任意产次妊娠高血压和复发性妊娠高血压均与乳腺癌风险降低有关。

在足月产/过期产（HR=0.81，95%CI=0.75～0.88）或新生儿体重为平均水平（HR=0.77，95%CI=0.69～0.85）的妊娠高血压女性中，这种相关性最强。

doi:10.1038/bjc.2012.195
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Hypertensive diseases in pregnancy and breast cancer risk

S Opdahl1, P R Romundstad1, M D K Alsaker1,2 and L J Vatten1

Background:  Hypertensive diseases in pregnancy may be associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer. Most previous studies are small and have shown conflicting results.

Methods:  In a cohort of 919?712 women who gave their first birth between 1967 and 2008, with linkage of information from two national registries, we assessed whether women with pregnancy hypertensive diseases are at reduced breast cancer risk. We used Cox regression to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results:  Compared with women with a normotensive first pregnancy, women with hypertension or preeclampsia in their first pregnancy had a reduced breast cancer risk (HR 0.83, 95% CI 0.77, 0.90). A reduced risk was consistently observed for hypertensive disease in any pregnancy, for recurrent hypertensive disease in pregnancy, and before and after 50 years of age at breast cancer diagnosis. The association was strongest for women with hypertension in pregnancy, who delivered at term/post-term (HR 0.81, 95% CI 0.75, 0.88) or had a child of average birth weight (HR 0.77, 95% CI 0.69, 0.85).

Conclusion:  Women with pregnancy hypertensive diseases are at reduced breast cancer risk. Whether this association can be attributed to pregnancy-specific events or to underlying biological traits remains unclear.